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Birsa Munda

Birsa Munda was born on 15 November in the year 1875 on a Thursday, and he was named after the day of his birth according to the then prevalent Munda custom.Birsa Munda had a very nice and joyful childhood. He was a boy living with Britishers. Birsa’s early years were spent with his parents at Chalkad. His early life could not have been very different from that of an average Munda child. He realised that the Britishers have come to this land to torture the masses and carry wealth abroad. Exciting moments of his childhood were spent on the akhara (the village dancing ground).
Driven by poverty Birsa was taken to Ayubhatu, his maternal uncle’s village. Komta Munda, his eldest brother, who was ten years of age, went to Kundi Bartoli, entered the service of a Munda, married and lived there for eight years, and then joined his father and younger brother at Chalkad. At Ayubhatu Birsa lived for two years. He went to school at Salga, run by one Jaipal Nag. He accompanied his mother’s younger sister, Joni, who was fond of him, when she was married, to Khatanga, her new home. He came in contact with a pracharak who visited a few families in the village which had been converted to Christianity and attacked the old Munda order.

He remained so preoccupied with himself or his studies that he left the sheep and goat in his charge to graze in the fields covered with crops to the dismay of their owners. He was found no good for the job and was beaten by the owner of field. He left the village and went to his brother at Kundi Bartoli, and stayed with him for some time. From there he probably went to the German mission at Burju where he passed the lower primary examination. He also studied at Chaibasa at Gossner Evangelical Lutheran Mission school run by German missionaries. Birsa was a man mostly seen roaming in the forest and village of Chota Nagpur in Bihar. He died on June 9, 1900 in jail under mysterious circumstances.


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